Recurrence risk of congenital anomalies - the impact of paternal, social, and environmental factors: a population-based study in Denmark

Article Abstract:

Recurrence risk of congenital anomalies is discussed relative to impact of social, paternal, and environmental factors based on a population-based study in Denmark. Changes in genetic and environmental factors in single births after birth of a child with an anomaly have been examined. The women in the study numbered 8,671, each giving birth to a child with a malformation and to another child after that, of whom 474 had malformations, 155 of which were like the first one. When fathers were different, risk of a similar anomaly was significantly reduced. Higher social status at enrollment was associated with lower risk of recurrence independently of partner change. No change was seen with a move to a new place or an occupation change, and little was seen with increase in social status.

Sweden, Statistical Data Included, Research, Usage, Birth defects, Genetic disorders, Social classes, Social class, Social economics, Socioeconomics, Cohort analysis, Environmental health

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Oral clefts, transforming growth factor alpha gene variants, and maternal smoking: a population-based case-control study in Denmark, 1991-1994

Article Abstract:

A combination of maternal smoking in the first trimester and genetic mutations may be associated with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) in Danish newborns. Scandinavia has extremely high rates of CLP. Researchers looked for the synergistic effect of transforming growth factor alpha gene variants and maternal smoking in 302 CLP cases and 567 births without CLP. Smoking increased the risk of cleft lip and/or cleft palate somewhat. In one fourth of all cases, transforming growth factor alpha gene mutations were found.

Denmark, Genetic aspects, Pregnant women, Smokers, Transforming growth factors, Cleft palate

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Low birth weight and preterm birth after short interpregnancy intervals

Article Abstract:

Women who become pregnant soon after the birth of a child may have a higher risk of premature delivery. Researchers in Denmark examined the interpregnancy intervals of 10,187 women who had given birth to two children. Pregnancies which began within eight months of a previous birth were associated with preterm delivery, but not with low birth weight. A short interval between pregnancies may alter hormonal balance or prevent recovery of nutritional reserves.

Birth weight, Low, Low birth weight, Premature birth, Birth intervals

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