Risk behaviors, HIV seropositivity, and tuberculosis infection in injecting drug users who operate shooting galleries in Puerto Rico
Article Abstract:
Injecting drug users (IDU) who operate drug shooting galleries in Puerto Rico appear to be at particularly high risk for HIV infection and tuberculosis (TB). Shooting galleries are informal locations that provide supplies and facilities for injecting drug users. Researchers tested and surveyed 464 IDUs in Puerto Rico, and found 13% managed shooting galleries. Managers injected drugs more often than nonmanagers, but were more likely to inject with disinfected needles. Managers for more than 2 years were more likely HIV-positive, in poorer health, and possibly at higher risk for TB.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1998
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Who uses needle exchange? A study of injection drug users in treatment in San Francisco, 1989-1990
Article Abstract:
Needle exchange programs (NEPs) appear to attract injection drug users (IDUs) who engage in behaviors placing them at increased risk for HIV infection. NEP use, HIV infection rates, and needle sharing patterns were evaluated among 1,093 IDUs enrolled in a drug treatment program. During the first two years of the NEP's operation, 31% of these patients had used its services. A significantly higher percentage of patients using the NEP was HIV-positive and continued to share needles compared to those patients never using the NEP.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1997
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A Molecular Epidemiologic Analysis of Tuberculosis Trends in San Francisco, 1991-1997
Article Abstract:
Tuberculosis control measures begun in San Francisco, CA, in 1991 reduced rates of the disease, even among high-risk population groups. The number of cases of tuberculosis peaked in 1992, then fell steadily and by 50% by 1997. Efforts to prevent transmission of the disease and provide preventive therapy to high-risk patients were effective. Cases among HIV patients, at high risk for developing tuberculosis, fell from 1992 to 1997, as well.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1999
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