Sampling lymph node content of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleic acids and p24 antigen by fine-needle aspiration in early-stage patients

Article Abstract:

Lymph node fine-needle aspiration (LNFNA) may be a potentially more accurate, less painful, and more cost-effective way of sampling and monitoring lymph tissue than biopsy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Routine LNFNA would sample lymph tissue directly from the patient through a small needle. Doctors surgically removed lymph nodes from 5 patients with HIV and sampled half of each lymph node by LNFNA. They processed the other half into either a cell mixture or into slices to be examined microscopically. Comparisons of viral concentrations and viral RNA and DNA levels between the samples did not show significant variation. Microscopic examination of the tissue slices showed that more than 95% of the viral RNA was in the areas of the lymph tissue that produce immune cells. Tests used to detect viral RNA in all of the samples showed that more than 80% of the viral RNA was in this same area of the tissue.

Usage, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Genetic aspects, Biopsy, Needle, Needle biopsy

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Active HHV-6 infection in the lymph nodes of HIV-infected patients: in vitro evidence that HHV-6 can break HIV latency

Article Abstract:

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection appears to be common in the lymph nodes of HIV-infected people and may enhance the ability of HIV to cause disease. Researchers examined the lymph nodes of 10 people with HIV infection, and found that all the nodes were actively infected with HHV-6. CD4+ lymphocyte counts were greater than 200 cells per cubic millimeter in 6 out of 8 of these people, indicating that they were not seriously immunocompromised at the time of their lymph node biopsies. HHV-6 infection was not observed in the lymph nodes of two other people who were not infected with HIV. In laboratory assays, the HHV-6A strain that was most prevalent in the lymph nodes studied reactivated latent HIV infection in cultured immune cells. Together with previous evidence that HHV-6 may cause immunosuppression, the findings indicate that HHV-6 may contribute to the progression of disease following HIV infection.

Physiological aspects, Herpesvirus diseases, Herpesvirus infections

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Size and duration of zidovudine benefit in 1003 HIV-infected patients: U.S. Army, Navy, and Air Force natural history data

Article Abstract:

Early treatment with zidovudine in HIV infection may slow progression of the disease, but the benefit may only last about two years. Researchers evaluated zidovudine treatment begun before or after the level of CD4 white blood cells began to fall, or after clinical symptoms of AIDS developed, in 1,003 patients infected with HIV. The risk of disease progression was about twice as great for each group who received drug treatment later in their infection. The greatest benefit was seen in patients who began zidovudine therapy with higher CD4 white blood cell levels.

Evaluation, Drug therapy, AIDS (Disease), Zidovudine

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