Short-course therapy of catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis

Article Abstract:

The risk of complications may be high among patients who receive short-course treatment for catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the blood. A study reviewed 11 articles published in the medical literature that examined the outcome of patients who received short-term treatment for catheter-related S. aureus bacteremia. The proportion of patients who developed late complications varied between 0% and 29%. When the data from the different studies was pooled, 24% of the patients developed complications and 15% died regardless of duration of treatment. The studies had a high incidence of bias and statistical imprecision. Ten studies did not have a control, and eight did not protect against a certain type of statistical bias. None of the studies defined the disease being treated adequately, and seven did not provide adequate follow-up. The studies had a low level of statistical precision in calculating the relapse rate.

Drug therapy, Staphylococcus aureus

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Catheter-related bacteremia and outcome of attempted catheter salvage in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Article Abstract:

Blood-borne infections appear to be a common complication among patients undergoing blood treatments via a catheter. Treatments for the infection do not seem to be effective while the catheters are in place. Forty percent of 102 patients with end-stage kidney disease developed blood-borne infections during a total of 16,081 days with catheters in place. Of the 38 patients treated with the catheters in place, 12 were treated successfully. These successes were mostly among patients with gram-negative bacterial infections. Many patients who developed infections had other complicating conditions.

Health aspects, Causes of, Hemodialysis patients

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Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections

Article Abstract:

Many strategies can be used to prevent catheter-related infections. The most effective are full barrier precautions, subcutaneous tunneling, contamination shields, povidone-iodine ointment at the insertion site, no routine replacement of central venous catheters, an antiseptic chamber-filled hub or hub-protective antiseptic sponge, and use of chlorhexidine-silver sulfadiazine-impregnated or minocycline-rifampin-impregnated catheters. Hospitals with high rates of catheter-related infections should have specialized nursing teams to care for patients with short-term peripheral venous catheters.

Care and treatment, Prevention, Bacterial infections, Hospital patients

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