The development of abnormal heart rate patterns after absent end-diastolic velocity in umbilical artery: analysis of risk factors

Article Abstract:

The time interval between the onset of absent end-diastolic velocity in the umbilical artery of the fetus and delivery appears to be affected mostly by gestational age. Absent end-diastolic velocity usually precedes the development of abnormal fetal heart rates and is associated with insufficient oxygenation of the fetus and poor infant outcomes. In 37 fetuses from high-risk pregnancies, a shift from presence to absence of end-diastolic velocity was detected. The time interval between onset and delivery ranged from one to 26 days. It was significantly longer in fetuses who had a gestational age of less than 29 weeks at time of onset or who did not have pulsations in the umbilical vein or whose mothers did not have high blood pressure. Fetuses with pulsations in the umbilical vein had a significantly lower blood pH at birth and a higher death rate as newborns than fetuses without pulsations.

Research, Risk factors, Diastole (Cardiac cycle), Fetal distress, Arrhythmia

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Splenic artery velocity waveforms in small-for-gestational-age fetuses: relationship with pH and blood gases measured in umbilical blood at cordocentesis

Article Abstract:

Reduced fetal growth may be caused by insufficiency of the uterus and placenta, as evidenced by abnormal waveforms of spleen artery velocity. Researchers performed color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound scans of 42 small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses and of 316 normally growing fetuses. SGA fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery velocity waveforms had lower splenic artery pulsatility indices than did SGA fetuses with normal waveforms and than did normal fetuses. Ultrasound scans of the middle brain artery pulsatility index and of the inferior vena cava may reveal low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels.

Analysis, Measurement, Blood vessels, Fetal growth retardation, Fetal blood, Blood gases, Blood gas analysis, Spleen, Regional blood flow

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Indomethacin modifies the fetal hemodynamic response induced by percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

Article Abstract:

Indomethacin treatment given to pregnant women before an umbilical blood sampling appears to affect fetal heart rate and a blood velocity measurement called the pulsatility index. Prostanoids appear to mediate this effect. Fetal heart rate, pulsatility indices, and prostanoid levels were measured at an umbilical blood sampling among 20 women previously treated with indomethacin and 22 untreated women. The pulsatility index decreased among untreated fetuses but remained constant among treated fetuses. Fetal heart rate remained constant among untreated fetuses but increased among treated fetuses.

Physiological aspects, Hemodynamics, Fetal heart rate, Indomethacin

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