Pertussis hospitalizations and mortality in the United States, 1985-1988: evaluation of the completeness of national reporting

Article Abstract:

A technique to estimate the completeness of reporting diseases showed that hospitalization and death due to pertussis (whooping cough) may be underreported. According to the technique, there were an estimated 98 deaths from pertussis from 1985 to 1988, but only 32 deaths were reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and only 23 deaths were reported to the National Center for Health Statistics. The technique estimated 13,557 hospitalizations from pertussis during this time period, but only 4,404 hospitalizations were reported to the CDC and 3,094 to the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities-Professional Activities Survey (CPHA-PAS). More hospitalizations and death from pertussis were reported to the CDC than to the other agencies. Pertussis may be a much greater public health problem than the reported data suggest.

Patient outcomes, Mortality

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Pertussis surveillance - United States, 1989-1991

Article Abstract:

Pertussis (whooping cough) continues to be a significant cause of illness and death despite widespread vaccination among schoolchildren. Between 1989 and 1991, state health departments reported 11,446 cases of pertussis to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The highest reported incidence was in Hawaii. Children under age one were primarily affected, and the incidence dropped with increasing age. Long-term statistics suggest the incidence has been rising since 1976, but improved surveillance may account for the apparent increase. Three steps toward improving surveillance of pertussis include increasing physicians' knowledge of the signs and symptoms of pertussis, encouraging laboratory use of culture for diagnosis and encouraging more consistency in the clinical diagnosis of pertussis.

Reports

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Cost-effectiveness of incorporating inactivated poliovirus vaccine into the routine childhood immunization schedule

Article Abstract:

It is not cost-effective to substitute the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) for the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Researchers estimated the cost of substituting the 4-dose OPV schedule with a 4-dose IPV schedule or a 2-dose OPV/2-dose IPV schedule. A 4-dose IPV schedule would cost $28 million more than a 4-dose OPV schedule. The 2-dose OPV/2-dose IPV schedule would cost $14.7 million more. A 4-dose IPV schedule would eliminate the 8 to 10 cases of vaccine-associated polio. This would translate into a cost of $3 million per case of vaccine-associated polio prevented.

Economic aspects, Children, Vaccination of children, Vaccination, Poliomyelitis vaccine, Poliovirus vaccines

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