The mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: a meta-analysis of 15 prospective cohort studies

Article Abstract:

Delivery by cesarean section can significantly reduce the risk of transmitting HIV between mother and child. Researchers studied the rate of HIV transmission between mother and child in 8,533 deliveries. Delivery by cesarean section reduced the rate of transmission by about 50% compared to a vaginal birth. The concurrent use of zidovudine by the mother reduced the risk further by about 87% compared to women who delivered vaginally and did not take zidovudine.

Health aspects, Maternal-fetal exchange, Prevention, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Disease transmission, Cesarean section

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Women in academic medicine: new insights, same sad news

Article Abstract:

Women in academic medicine need mentors who can encourage them to succeed. Since there are not many women in senior faculty positions, this means that men must do more to encourage women. A study of the academic achievement of all US medical students between 1979 and 1993 found that women were more likely to pursue a career in academic medicine than men. However, they were still not as likely to reach the rank of associate or full professor.

Editorial, Analysis, Achievements and awards, College faculty, Medical colleges, Academic achievement, Women physicians, Medical school faculty

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