The utility of IgA antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in early diagnosis of vertically transmitted infection

Article Abstract:

A test to identify infants infected with HIV may be most accurate when infants are six months old. Researchers compared the accuracy of the anti-HIV immunoglobulin A (IgA) test to that of blood cultures and other tests conducted on infants from birth to six months of age. The false-positive and false-negative rates of the anti-HIV IgA test were unacceptably high until infants were six months of age, when the false-positive rate became low and the false-negative rate became moderate. Accuracy rates of blood culture, polymerase chain reaction, and heat-denatured p24 antigen detection are reported to be higher than that of the anti-HIV IgA test. Accuracy rates of the anti-HIV IgA test on umbilical cord blood taken at birth might have been low because IgA leaked from the placenta during labor.

Diagnosis, Measurement, Immunoglobulin A

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Disease progression in a cohort of infants with vertically acquired HIV infection observed from birth: The Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS)

Article Abstract:

Early onset of clinical signs of the disease may predict the rate of HIV progression in infants infected by their HIV-positive mothers. Researchers monitored disease progression in 128 HIV-infected children for an average of 2 years. Early detection of HIV antibodies in the child; liver, spleen or gland enlargement, and detection of HIV-associated immunological changes predicted progression to AIDS and death.

Development and progression

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Immune complex-dissociated p24 antigen in congenital or perinatal HIV infection: role in the diagnosis and assessment of risk of infection in infants

Article Abstract:

The immune complex-dissociated (ICD) HIV-1 p24 antigen assay is a relatively easy and low-cost diagnostic test for HIV infection in infants around the time of birth. The presence of the antigen in blood from infants of HIV-positive mothers diagnosed 90% of cases of mother-to-infant virus transmission at birth, and virtually every case at 1-6 months of age.

United States, Statistical Data Included, HIV infections, Disease transmission, Pregnancy, HIV infection in pregnancy, Antigens

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