Topical iodine and neonatal hypothyroidism

Article Abstract:

The use of iodine as an antiseptic during medical and surgical procedures on newborns may result in sufficient iodine entering the bloodstream to interfere with thyroid function. Researchers measured blood levels of thyroid hormones and urinary iodide levels in 47 neonatal intensive care unit patients between 7 and 14 days old. Urine iodide levels averaged 400 times greater than the normal range, although thyroid hormone levels were within normal range. However, other studies suggest there may be a lag time between high iodine levels and an adverse effect on thyroid function. Moreover, the fact that kidney function was mildly impaired in these newborns suggests that urinary iodide levels would have been higher with normal functioning. In addition, some infants had received drugs that suppress secretion of thyrotropin, which could cause a false positive result on tests for adequate thyroid functioning. Other antiseptics are available that work better and are not absorbed.

Causes of, Iodine, Iodine (Chemical element), Hypothyroidism

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the delivery room: associated clinical events

Article Abstract:

Proper respiratory support may eliminate the need to administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to newborn infants. CPR was performed on 39 newborn infants born at a hospital over a two-year period. Fifteen were born at term and 24 were premature. Ten infants had blood values indicating they had experienced prolonged lack of oxygen in utero. The outlook for these infants was poor regardless of treatment. The remaining infants had blood values indicating that the problem began with failure of respiration at birth. In five of these 29 infants, the endotracheal tube was placed in the esophagus instead of the trachea, and among the remaining 24, inadequate ventilatory oxygen pressures were used. There is a reluctance to advance beyond customary ventilation pressures, especially in preterm infants, for fear of causing a collapsed lung. The need for CPR might have been avoided had these infants been effectively ventilated.

Usage, CPR (First aid), Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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Lipid intolerance in newborns is associated with hepatic dysfunction but no infection

Article Abstract:

The inability of premature or sick infants to break down fats does not appear to be related to the presence of infection. Some sick or premature infants require intravenous feeding with fat emulsions. Infants with infections or liver dysfunction are especially prone to have high blood levels of triglyceride, a type of fat, because of inadequate enzymatic activity. Fat metabolizing enzymes are produced by the liver. The amount of body fat appears to play a role in fat metabolism as well. Among 162 newborns treated with intravenous fat infusion for two weeks or more, 32 had high triglyceride levels, 26 had liver dysfunction, and 48 had infections. Infants with liver dysfunction or low birth weight were twice as likely to have high triglyceride levels, but no relationship was found with infection.

Measurement, Fetus, Physiological aspects, Fetal growth retardation, Fat metabolism, Triglycerides

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