Tuberculosis in New York City - turning the tide

Article Abstract:

The number of tuberculosis cases in New York City decreased from 1992 to 1994, possibly because of increases in supervised therapy and completion of treatment. Between 1978 and 1992 the number of tuberculosis cases in New York City almost tripled. Researchers reviewed death certificates and medical records from a variety of sources to confirm the accuracy of tuberculosis statistics between 1992 and 1994. The surveillance system appeared to be fairly accurate. The number of cases decreased among populations prone to recent infections, but increased among populations likely to have reactivated infections. This reduction in infection was probably due to an increase in the number of patients in programs where they are observed taking their medication. Other factors contributing to the decreased transmission may include decreases in the size of homeless shelters, improved tuberculosis control in hospitals and prisons, and the use of multiple drug regimens.

Health aspects, Demographic aspects, New York, New York

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The use of legal action in New York City to ensure treatment of tuberculosis

Article Abstract:

Directly observed therapy may be effective in treating tuberculosis patients whose social problems prevent them from obtaining proper treatment. Directly observed therapy means that a health care worker makes sure the patient takes the drug, but the patient does not necessarily have to be hospitalized or otherwise detained. In 1993, New York City upgraded its regulatory codes to allow some tuberculosis patients to be detained to ensure they received treatment. Between April, 1993 and April, 1995, only 4% of the 8,000 tuberculosis patients treated in the city had to be detained. Even drug addicts and homeless people could be treated with directly observed therapy.

Laws, regulations and rules, Detention of persons, Detention

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Applying public health principles to the HIV epidemic

Article Abstract:

The biology of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is identified along with improved diagnostic tests, and effective drugs and care systems that have reduced the number of deaths from AIDS in the US by 70 percent since 1995. Proven interventions, such as the use of condoms, clean needles, and expanded voluntary screening and linkage to care, could prevent most HIV infections.

United States, Management dynamics, Management, Prevention, HIV infection, HIV infections, Company business management, AIDS (Disease), AIDS education

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