Unethical trials of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries

Article Abstract:

Medical researchers must follow the same ethical guidelines when conducting clinical trials in developing countries as they would have to do in the US. In 1994, the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 076 study found that zidovudine given to pregnant women significantly reduced the rate of transmission of the virus to the baby. However, in 15 studies proposed since then of HIV-infected pregnant women in developing countries, some or all of the women will not be given zidovudine. This results in a double standard since these studies would be considered unethical in the US.

Health aspects, Research, Clinical trials, Drug therapy, HIV infections, Developing countries, Medical research, Pregnancy, Zidovudine, HIV infection in pregnancy

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Quality of Care in Investor-Owned vs Not-for- Profit HMOs

Article Abstract:

Non-profit health maintenance organizations (HMOs) provide better quality health care than for-profit HMOs. Researchers compared 248 investor-owned and 81 non-profit HMOs for 14 quality-of-care indicators. Following a heart attack, 59% of for-profit HMO members and 71% of non-profit HMO members appropriately received beta-blocker drugs. For-profit HMO members were less likely to receive regular immunizations, mammograms, Pap tests, and annual eye examinations for diabetics.

Statistical Data Included, Evaluation, Medical care, Managed care plans (Medical care), Health maintenance organizations

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Financial conflict of interest disclosure and voting patterns at Food and Drug Administration drug advisory committee meetings

Article Abstract:

The financial conflict disclosures at drug-related meetings is characterized to assess the relationship between conflicts and voting behavior at meetings that considered specific products. Disclosures of conflicts of interest at drug advisory committee meetings are common, often of considerable monetary value, and rarely result in recusal of advisory committee members.

Public affairs, Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors, Reporting & Disclosure, Ethics, Financial Regulation & Reporting, Conflict of Interest, Conflict of interests (Agency), United States. Food and Drug Administration, Financial disclosure, Conflicts of interest

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