Sedentary daily expenditure: a base for estimating individual energy requirements

Article Abstract:

Estimating the amount of energy (calories) needed by an individual on a daily basis is important in planning diets and nutritional care, especially during illness or after surgery. Daily energy needs are typically calculated by estimating the basal metabolic rate in a mathematical equation, the Harris Benedict equation, which has been criticized for its lack of precision. The energy expended, or used, over a sedentary day (which includes regular meals and sleep at night) was measured in order to estimate individual energy requirements. The sedentary daily expenditure (SDE) was determined in 37 subjects over a total of 95 24-hour periods using direct calorimetry. This method measures heat loss from the body: subjects wore an insulated suit with a water-cooled undergarment that absorbed the body heat and reflected it by way of a temperature change. The results showed that fat-free mass combined with body mass index (two measures of body composition) were highly correlated with SDE. Measurements of body weight and fat mass were useful indicators in both men and women. In addition, weight and height were found to be useful for estimating fat mass if the appropriate mathematical equations were used. The mathematical equations were tested with several sets of data and shown to be predictive of SDE. These findings show that sedentary daily expenditure is more precise than basal metabolic rate for estimating individual energy requirements, and that it can be predicted using weight and height measurements. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Energy metabolism, Nutrition, Nutritional requirements

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Comparisons between fat measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, underwater weighing and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy women

Article Abstract:

Comparisons were made of measurements of total and regional fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), underwater weighing (UWW) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy women. Thirteen volunteer pre-menopausal women underwent measurements. The results indicate that each method has its assumptions. Each method may also be useful for testing and enhancing the assumptions in other methods. The findings also suggest that no method can yet be considered as a satisfactory reference technique.

Health aspects, Usage, Women, Women's health, Magnetic resonance imaging, Adipose tissues, Adipose tissue

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