Withdrawal syndrome after the double-blind cessation of caffeine consumption

Article Abstract:

Discontinuing caffeine consumption may cause withdrawal symptoms in individuals who consume low to moderate amounts of caffeine each day. Withdrawal symptoms include headache, lethargy, fatigue, muscle pain and stiffness and mood changes. Sixty-two individuals who consumed an average of 235 milligrams, or an equivalent of two-and-a-half cups of coffee, each day underwent a series of tests while following their normal diet, and again while following a caffeine-free diet during which time they took caffeine capsules or a placebo, an inactive substance. More individuals scored abnormally high for depression, anxiety, lack of energy and fatigue while taking a placebo, than while following their normal diet or taking caffeine capsules. Fifty-two percent experienced a moderate to severe headache while taking a placebo, compared with 6% taking caffeine. Thirteen percent used unauthorized medications while taking the placebo, compared to two percent taking caffeine.

Physiological aspects, Caffeine, Drug withdrawal symptoms, Substance withdrawal syndrome, Caffeine habit

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The sick building syndrome in office buildings - a breath of fresh air

Article Abstract:

Awareness of sick building syndrome began in the late 1970s. Symptoms of sick building syndrome include eye, nose and throat irritation, headache and difficulty concentrating. The onset of sick building syndrome in the 1970s may have been caused by lower ventilation standards. This change reduced the amount of outdoor air circulated through office buildings. A research study found that the development of sick building syndrome may not be related to inadequate ventilation with outdoor air. Office workers' symptoms or their complaints about their environment were not related to differences in ventilation with outdoor air. A series of European research studies found that workers in naturally ventilated buildings had fewer building-related symptoms than those in mechanically ventilated buildings. Sick building syndrome may be caused by microorganisms that grow in the air conditioning of ventilation systems.

Health aspects, Editorial, Research, Office buildings, Indoor air quality, Heating, cooling and ventilation, Sick building syndrome

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