Zidovudine use to reduce perinatal HIV type 1 transmission in an urban medical center
Article Abstract:
It may be difficult to convince many HIV-infected pregnant women to take zidovudine to reduce the risk of passing the virus to their baby. Out of 125 HIV-infected women who delivered at the Bronx (NY) Lebanon Hospital Center between Feb 1994 and Aug 1995, only 49 had been tested prenatally. These women were offered zidovudine but only 36 agreed to take the drug prenatally, around the time of birth and to allow hospital staff to give the drug to their newborn baby. One woman agreed to let her baby be treated but refused to take the drug herself. Nine women refused all treatment for themselves and the baby. Of the 36 women who accepted treatment, only 24 were compliant with the complete treatment. Drug addicts and those who continued taking drugs while pregnant were most likely to refuse treatment. Many people believe that zidovudine is not effective in preventing the transmission of HIV.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1996
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Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric HIV Infection
Article Abstract:
Early treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women and their newborn children can substantially reduce the risk of transmission of HIV to the child. Approximately 6,000 to 7,000 children are born to HIV-infected mothers each year in the US, and many more children are infected by vertical transmission in developing countries. Exposure to HIV in the uterus, during childbirth, and during breastfeeding can infect children. Treatment of the mother with zidovudine early in pregnancy, and prophylactic treatment of the child, can reduce the risk of HIV infection in the infant by 66%.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1998
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Economic impact of treatment of HIV-positive pregnant women and their newborns with zidovudine: implications for HIV screening
Article Abstract:
Testing pregnant women for HIV infection and treating those who are positive with zidovudine would be cost effective but only if testing is restricted to those at high risk. Treating 100 hypothetical HIV-positive women and their newborn babies would save approximately $1.6 million because zidovudine has been shown to reduce the transmission rate during pregnancy substantially. Consequently, many fewer babies would develop AIDS. However, offering voluntary screening to all pregnant women could cost $167 million to $186 million.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1996
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