Unnatural monopoly: critical moments in the development of the Bell system monopoly

Article Abstract:

The reasons behind the Bell monopoly of the telecommunication industry include the deliberate elimination of duplicative competition by exclusionary licensing policies, irrational interconnection edicts, dominant carrier's monopolies and guaranteed revenues for those controlled utilities. The social policy of universal telephone connection and the assignment of this work to a single company and regulation of tariffs were other factors for the development of the monopoly. Legislators should realize that excessive government intervention need not have bad effects on competition within an industry.

History, Telecommunication policy, Telecommunications policy, Regional Bell Operating Companies

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Deregulated private water supply: a policy option for developing countries

Article Abstract:

Developing nations that experience water supply shortage should consider privatizing and deregulating their water utilities. Government regulations have a tendency to restrict the utilities' capacity to recover their investments. This serves as a disincentive to offering connections to a large portion of the population, usually the people in the lower-income bracket. However, an unregulated, private entity would be motivated to increase its client base to gain bigger profits. The ill effects of a monopoly may be countered through price discrimination.

Usage, Economic aspects, Water utilities, Developing countries, Public utilities, Privatization, Privatization (Business), Deregulation, Price discrimination

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Discounting and restitution

Article Abstract:

The compounding rate suitable for calculating restitutional claims for injustices suffered by previous generations is analyzed using cost-benefit analysis. It is shown that full compounding based on an economy's real rate of return cannot be used to determine restitutional claims. It is also argued that restitution should be awarded based on the moral significance of present claims weighed against past injustices.

Management, Restitution, Transcript

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