Duration, distance, and speed judgements of two moving objects by 4- to 11-year olds

Article Abstract:

The development of the concepts of duration and distance follows similar processes till the age of six years, and subsequently the distance concept develops earlier than the duration concept. Preschoolers find duration and distance judgements as having equal difficulty levels, whereas school children can judge distance more easily than duration. Temporal and spatial attributes have asymmetrical effect on judgements for older children in contrast to the symmetrical effect for younger children. However, these attributes equally affect speed judgement across age groups.

Psychological aspects, Preschool children, Elementary school students, Judgment, Judgment (Psychology)

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2.5-month-old infant's reasoning about when objects should and should not be occluded

Article Abstract:

A study has been conducted to investigate the ability of a 2.5-month-old infant to predict when or under what conditions objects should be occluded. The study was based on the results of two prior studies. It has been found that infants form an initial concept, when learning about an event category, centered on a simple, all-or-none distinction. Young infants could realize that objects continue to exist after they become occluded, and still experience difficulty predicting when they should be occluded.

Child psychology, Visual perception, Visual perception in children, Childhood perception

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Young two-year-olds' tendency to map novel verbs onto novel actions

Article Abstract:

Young 2-yr-olds tend to choose novel actions rather than familiar ones as probable referents for novel verbs. The preference for unfamiliar type of actions is stronger for self-focused than for object-focused actions. Preexposure to both type of actions strengthens the effect, whereas preexposure to only unfamiliar actions fails to influence the preferences. Children's tendency to admit that novel words are unfamiliar is weak and similar for verbs and nouns.

Grammar, Comparative and general, Grammar, Language acquisition, Reference (Linguistics)

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