The difficulty of the Linda conjunction problem can be attributed to its simultaneous concrete and unnatural representation, and not to conversational implicature

Article Abstract:

Violation of the implicit conversational rules fails to explain the high rate of conjunction errors (CEs) to the Linda problem. However, the principles of experiential processing, based on cognitive-experiential self-theory, explain the difficulty level involved in the problem. Complete disclosure of information, a procedure directed towards a rational mode of information processing, fails to reduce CEs totally. A graded series of problems that activate latent, intuitive knowledge additionally decrease the rate of CEs.

Grammar, Comparative and general, Grammar, Human information processing, Experiential learning, Conjunctions (Grammar)

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Unforgettable experiences: the relation of life events to basic beliefs about self and world

Article Abstract:

The factors affecting a person's beliefs about himself and the world were examined. In addition, the relationship between these beliefs and life events as well as childhood associations with parents has also been studied. Findings showed that the kind of bond individuals had with their parents exerts a considerable influence on the development of views and attitudes about life. Moreover, the nature of life experiences and its aggregates directly affect an individual's disposition.

Parent and child, Parent-child relations, Life change events, Belief and doubt

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Memory control beliefs: How are they related to age, strategy use and memory improvement?

Article Abstract:

An examination was performed on whether memory control beliefs and self-efficacy could be enhanced as well as improves performance by encouraging strategy use on an episodic memory task. Results revealed that encouraging strategy use resulted in higher self-efficacy for older adults, while there were no effects for young and middle-aged adults.

Colorado, Middle aged persons, Recollection (Psychology), Self-efficacy (Psychology), Self efficacy, Recall (Memory), Episodic memory

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