Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells by immunization with purified HIV-1 envelope protein in ISCOMs
Article Abstract:
An effective vaccine is one that can stimulate the immune responses of the recipient, but most non-living protein preparations, such as those used in killed- or attenuated-virus vaccines, do not stimulate the production of the type of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) evoked by CD8-positive MHC (major histocompatibility) class I activation, one type of immune response. They are, however, capable of inducing antibodies (humoral immunity) and the type of CTLs or helper cells induced by CD4-positive MHC class II activity. It has been impossible, in fact, to induce CD8-positive, MHC class I CTLs by immunization with intact soluble proteins. But success in this endeavor is reported when mice are inoculated with substances to stimulate their immune systems (immunostimulating complexes, ISCOMs). The substances used were either purified glycoprotein (gp160) from the envelope (viral covering) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), the virus associated with AIDS, or influenza hemagglutinin (a protein on the surface of the influenza virus that causes clumping of red blood cells). The way ISCOMs are able to introduce antigen into the T cells is not known, but exploration of these mechanisms could help explain how antigen-processing pathways work for MHC class I molecules. Preliminary work with five human subjects indicates that it may be possible to elicit human CTLs by using ISCOMs containing HIV proteins. A vaccine could be developed that would activate both antibody production and the induction of CTLs. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1990
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Peptide binding inhibits protein aggregation of invariant-chain free class II dimers and promotes surface expression of occupied molecules
Article Abstract:
The inhibitory effect of peptide binding on dissocation of MHC class II-Ii at low pH and temperature levels was studied. However, peptide bonding was found to enhance surface expression of occupied molecules. These findings were correlated with previous data which indicated that exposure to antigens increased cell surface class II expression on living cells through a post-translational mechanism. Results supported the findings that aggregation of chain-free class II dimers was promoted by peptide-dependent intracellular activity.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1993
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The duration of antigen receptor signalling determines CD4+ versus CD8+ T-cell lineage fate
Article Abstract:
CD4 and CD8 lineage fates of immature thymocytes are found to be controlled by the duration of initial T-cell receptor-dependent signalling, influenced by the co-receptor.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2000
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