Simulation of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing
Article Abstract:
Research into the response of several climate models to a rise in greenhouse-gas concentrations indicates that interannual variability of Northern Hemisphere wintertime sea-level pressure is dominated by an almost axisymmetric spatial pattern centred over the Arctic. This trend is reproduced only by models that resolve stratospheric dynamics. Models with no dynamical stratosphere do not simulate the observed trend in the Arctic Oscillation. It appears that the stratosphere influences climate at the surface by modulating energy propagation out of the troposphere.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1999
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Effects of ship emissions on sulphur cycling and radiative climate forcing over the ocean
Article Abstract:
Sulphur emissions from fossil fuel from international shipping were geographically characterized, suggesting that sulphur emissions almost equal the natural sulphur flux from ocean to atmosphere in several areas. A global chemical transport model was used to show that such ship emissions can contribute heavily to atmospheric sulphur dioxide concentrations over the majority of the world's oceans.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1999
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Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere and Earth's surface
Article Abstract:
Greater certainty in climate prediction may be possible in the light of new observations of forcing for tropical aerosols. An observational method enables aerosol forcing to be quantified to within five percent accuracy.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2000
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