Learning to play the game: American economists said that auctions would be the most efficient way to allocate the radio spectrum. But was the bidding rigged?

Article Abstract:

Licenses for space on the radio spectrum have been auctioned in multi-rounds since 1994 and have raised $23 billion. Allegations that the auctions are rigged arose after an Apr 1997 auction raised only $13.6 million instead of the expected $1.8 billion. Sealed bids may lead to lower revenues.

Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities, Federal Communicatns Commisn, Regulation, admin. of utilities, Purchasing, Radio broadcasting, Frequency allocation (Telecommunications), United States. Federal Communications Commission, Investigations, Column, Radio frequency allocation, Auctions

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Who said we don't like Europe?

Article Abstract:

The Oct, 2001, annual conference of the UK's Conservative Party was the first real test of the party's new leader, Iain Duncan Smith. Duncan Smith handled his speech quite well, and managed to distance himself from the party's perceived hostility towards Europe.

Conferences, meetings and seminars, Conservative Party (United Kingdom), Speeches, lectures and essays, Duncan Smith, Iain

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What your good book said

Article Abstract:

The symbolism of the US Civil War is important in the southern states, as can be seen from disputes about anniversaries and flags, though migration is changing the nature of southern society.

Political aspects, Southern States, United States history

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