Smoking, seat belts, and other risky consumer decisions: differences by gender and race

Article Abstract:

Gender and race impact health behaviors such as smoking, seatbelt use, dental care and exercise. On the average, white women are found to be the most health-conscious, while black men take the most risk with their health. This average, however, does not reveal whether other factors such as income inform data. The gap between white men and blacks narrows or even reverses when other controls are factored in, but the difference between gender widens further with other controls. This shows that women are more risk averse than men, a behavior which crosses over to occupation choices.

Consumer Behavior, Asset & Risk Management, Decision-making, Decision making, Risk management, Demographic aspects, Consumers, Risk-taking (Psychology), Risk taking

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A sequential selectivity model of the decisions of arbitrators

Article Abstract:

A study of gender differences between arbitrators and grievants in a hypothetical drug-testing case shows that female grievants are more likely than males to have their terminations overturned. When the arbitrator is female, she is more likely to punish by only partially restoring the grievant's position, and will treat the grievant more harshly in general. Age also plays a part, with some older arbitrators treating grievants more harshly than their younger peers. The effects were determined using a sequential selectivity model.

Models, Surveys, Commercial arbitration, Arbitrators

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The concept and practice of the production seat system

Article Abstract:

The production seat system involves production scheduling based on received orders or the invention of another schedule based on tentative orders. The production seat system is similar to an airline reservation system wherein customers are assigned to specific seats from a production seat table in the system. Results from tests reveal that the production seat system can reduce average production lead time and improve customer delivery date in comparison with established production planning and scheduling systems.

Production Planning & Control, Plant Automation, Research, Japan, Technology application, Scheduling (Management), Manufacturing processes, Manufacturing, Reservation systems, Production control, Just in time inventory systems, Just in time systems, Factory automation

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