It wasn't only babies who hit the bottle in medieval Europe

Article Abstract:

Issues relating to the argument that the drinking habits of women in medieval Europe could account for the high infant mortality rate recorded between 1300 and 1700, during which period one-quarter of babies born failed to reach the age of five, are examined. It is argued that the high alcohol consumption levels of pregnant women during the medieval period could have accounted for high rates of miscarriage, stillbirth and infant mortality, with those being born alive suffering from weakened and damaged immune systems because of their mother's drinking habits.

Health aspects, Causes of, Infant mortality, Drinking of alcoholic beverages, Drinking (Alcoholic beverages), 17th century AD, 14th century AD

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Respect research and watch economy boom

Article Abstract:

The European commissioner for research contends that if Europe is to reach its target of being the most dynamic knowledge economy in the world by 2010, then an abundant and well-trained supply of human resources will be needed in the field of research. However, it is noted that at present a career in research is not a very attractive option for the majority of students and that more needs to be done by European countries to change this, to improve the level of public recognition for researchers and to make a career in research more promising and secure.

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Public affairs, Personnel administration, Research Personnel, Social aspects, Economic aspects, Training, Educational aspects, Research scientists

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Blessings of union

Article Abstract:

The director of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London, argues that the entry of 10 new member states to the European Union on 01 May 2004 offers great challenges and opportunities for scholars. It is contended that the interest in Eastern Europe generated by this access round will be great and will not be short-lived, bringing surprises for everyone and presenting the field of Eastern European studies with enormous challenges to overcome.

Eastern Europe, Analysis, Membership, Study and teaching, European Union, East European history

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