Numerical investigations of future ice conditions in the Baltic Sea

Article Abstract:

The article examines two coupled ice-ocean models to predict current and future sea-ice conditions for the Baltic Sea up to the year 2101. Pre-industrial climate data were used as a control model, while the second model incorporated global warming and an increase of carbon dioxide set at 150%. Ice conditions under the control model ranged between 32 to 96 cm, while the second model ranged between only 11 to 60 cm, a significant reduction.

Models, Global warming, Carbon dioxide, Ocean-atmosphere interaction, Climatic changes, Climate change, Sea ice

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Towards efficient pollution control in the Baltic Sea: an anatomy of current failure with suggestions for change

Article Abstract:

The article combines an ecological-economic model and a hydrological model to predict participation in lowering the Baltic Sea's nutrient loads by the countries surrounding it. Results indicate uneven participation due to varying pollution abatement costs between countries. The authors suggest a joint implementation policy to alleviate uneven results and to improve cost efficiency.

Planning, Reports, Prevention, Cost benefit analysis, Water pollution, Environmental policy

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Fish stocks in the Baltic Sea: finite or infinite resource?

Article Abstract:

The article examines fish biodiversity in the Baltic Sea. Negative impacts on biodiversity include overfishing, oxygen depletion, and mass introductions of non-native species that enter the Sea through ship ballast waters. It is posited that these changes may significantly and permanently alter fish populations and, in turn, ecological processes in the Baltic.

Biological diversity, Biodiversity, Environmental policy research, Fish populations

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