A controlled trial of two acellular vaccines and one whole cell vaccine against pertussis
Article Abstract:
Two acellular pertussis vaccines which contain proteins from Bordetella pertussis cells appear to be safe and effective, while whole-cell vaccines may be less effective. There is an interest in testing acellular vaccines because of a controversy regarding the safety and efficacy of whole-cell vaccines. A total of 14,751 infants received either a diphtheria-tetanus (DT) control vaccine, a whole-cell diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine containing inactivated pertussis, or one of two acellular DTP vaccines. Based on the occurrence of pertussis during an average of 17 months of follow-up, the efficacy of the whole-cell vaccine was 36%, while that of the acellular vaccines was 84%. The acellular vaccines stimulated the production of more antibody than did the whole-cell vaccines. The whole-cell vaccine was also more likely to cause side effects such as swelling and fever.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1996
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Survival of zidovudine-treated patients with AIDS compared to that of contemporary untreated patients
Article Abstract:
Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who are treated with zidovudine (AZT) may survive longer than those who are not treated with AZT. Out of 271 AIDS patients, 159 were treated with AZT, and 112 were not treated with AZT. The patients were followed for two years. At two years, 46% of the patients treated with AZT were alive, compared to 20% of the untreated patients. Average survival time was 22.1 months for patients in the treated group, and 10.6 months for patients in the untreated group. Patients who had higher levels of CD4 cells, a type of T-cell, survived longer on average than those who had lower levels of CD4 cells.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1992
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A randomized trial (ISS 901) of switching to didanosine versus continued zidovudine after the diagnosis of AIDS
Article Abstract:
Switching from zidovudine (AZT) to didanosine (ddI) after an AIDS diagnosis may not be beneficial to patients with the advanced immune disease. Didanosine is an antiretroviral drug which can be used effectively to reduce viral load once AZT's benefits have abated. No differences were found between two AIDS treatment groups, those who continued taking AZT and those who switched to ddI. Both groups had similar survival rates, AIDS-defining event timings, toxicity occurrences and treatment modifications.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1996
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