Allele-specific chromosome 3p deletions occur at an early stage in the pathogenesis of lung carcinoma

Article Abstract:

The disease process during early stage, non-small cell lung cancer may involve the loss of genetic material from a segment on the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p) that may occur in all regions of the respiratory tract. Researchers performed molecular analyses on 52 normal, precancerous, and cancerous tissue samples from seven patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Samples were obtained from the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Six of the seven cancerous specimens had lost genetic material on chromosome 3p. Chromosome 3p losses in precancerous lesions were identified in 13 of the 17 samples with increasing numbers of epithelial cells, six of the seven samples with abnormal cellular features, and all four noninvasive cancer samples. The two samples of normal bronchial tissue had complete genetic material on chromosome 3p. Losses of genetic material on chromosome 3p were detected in the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

Research, Genetic aspects, Chromosome deletion, Lung cancer, Non-small cell, Non-small cell lung cancer, Human chromosome abnormalities

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Pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation in sepsis

Article Abstract:

Endotoxin may play an important role in the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in sepsis patients. DIC is a blood-coagulation disorder characterized by multiple clots in small blood vessels Sepsis is the presence of disease-causing microorganisms or their toxins in the blood and tissues. Researchers reviewed articles in the medical literature that examined the development of DIC in septic patients. The onset of DIC was preceded by the presence of endotoxin in the blood. Endotoxin is a poison produced by certain bacteria. Blood levels of certain cytokines are significantly higher before the activation of blood coagulation. DIC patients also have decreased levels of fibrinolysis. Fibrinolysis is the dissolution of fibrin, an insoluble protein formed during the normal clotting of blood.

Complications and side effects, Development and progression, Bacterial infections, Disseminated intravascular coagulation

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Evaluating Patients With Arthritis of Recent Onset: Studies in Pathogenesis and Prognosis

Article Abstract:

The challenges of diagnosing and treating synovitis are discussed, using case studies from the National Institutes of Health. Synovitis is an inflammation of the synovial membranes inside joints. It can be a temporary condition that can be treated with painkillers, or the initial stage of arthritis.

Care and treatment, Synovitis

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