Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in men: sensitive tests for sensitive urethras

Article Abstract:

An amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) may be an effective method for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis in urine samples from men. Infection by Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted disease that causes urethritis, or inflammation of the urethra, in men. A study compared analysis of a urine sample using an amplified ELISA to analysis of a urethral smear using a direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA) test among 41 men diagnosed with an infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 90% of the urine samples from these men using an amplified ELISA, compared with 83% of the urethral smears using a DFA test. The advantage of a urine test for Chlamydia trachomatis is that it does not involve an invasive procedure. A urethral smear involves insertion of a instrument into the man's urethra. This can be painful in men suffering from urethritis.

Analysis, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Urine, Urinalysis

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Antibodies to Chlamydia species in patients attending a genitourinary clinic and the impact of antibodies to C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci on the sensitivity and the specificity of C. trachomatis serology tests

Article Abstract:

Diagnostic techniques that can differentiate among various species of Chlamydia should be used when testing for genital chlamydial infections. Infection with Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis is a common, often asymptomatic sexually transmitted disease. C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci are non-genital chlamydiae that may cross-react with tests that measure C. trachomatis. Blood samples from 7,002 patients were tested for the presence of antibodies to C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci. Antibodies specific for C. trachomatis or that react almost exclusively with C. trachomatis were detected in 32.6% of the cases. In 8.7% of the samples, antibodies reacted equally with all three types of chlamydiae. In about half of the patients in which the sample tested positive for chlamydia antibodies, the antibodies were against C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci.

Methods, Usage, Fluorescent antibody technique, Diagnosis, Laboratory, Laboratory diagnosis

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The history of nongonococcal urethritis

Article Abstract:

All the causes of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) may not be known, but it has been implicated in newborn eye infections and bacterial vaginosis. The winner of the Thomas Parran Award of the American Venereal Disease Association presents a history of NGU and summarizes his research. NGU was identified in the late 19th century. In the 1930s, NGU in men was linked with a common infectious organism in cervices of pregnant women and the eyes of newborns. Chlamydia trachomatis was the first organism identified as a cause of NGU. Later, Ureaplasma urealyticum was identified as a causative organism. Mycoplasma genitalium was linked with acute NGU in the late 1970s. A relationship between women with bacterial vaginosis and men with NGU may becoming apparent, even among stable couples.

Sexually transmitted diseases, Causes of, History, Urethritis, Nongonococcal, Nongonococcal urethritis

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