Early and prolonged decrease of viremia in HIV-1-infected patients treated with didanosine

Article Abstract:

Didanosine (ddI) appears to be effective in lowering viremia in HIV-infected patients. Viremia is the presence of viruses in the blood. Fourteen HIV-positive patients who had previously been treated with zidovudine (ZDV) began treatment with ddI and were followed for one year. Levels of circulating HIV RNA were measured regularly to determine the amount of virus circulating in the blood as an indicator of viral reproduction. In nine patients, significant decreases in the amount of HIV RNA in blood samples were noted within four weeks of beginning ddI treatment. By one year of treatment, HIV RNA levels had decreased an average of 70%. However, there were no significant changes in CD4+ cell counts or proviral DNA levels. Patients with CD4+ counts higher than 100 at the beginning of treatment appeared to benefit more than those with lower CD4+ counts at the beginning of treatment.

HIV (Viruses), HIV, Viremia

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Studies of zidovudine in combination with didanosine and zalcitabine

Article Abstract:

Dual drug therapy combining reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RT) may delay disease progression in HIV-infected patients. The combination of zidovudine (AZT) with either zalcitabine (ddC) or didanosine (ddI) has shown therapeutic benefit, especially if administered during the early stages of the infection. Clearly, combination therapy will arrest disease progression better than monotherapy or sequential drug therapy. AZT combinations are superior to ddI/ddC protocols because of cross-resistance problems between ddC and ddI. AZT/ddI regimens may be slightly superior to the benefits of AZT/ddC combinations, although individual drug reactions may differ. Patients with peripheral neuropathy do not tolerate ddC combinations well, while drug combinations containing ddI will worsen gastrointestinal complications.

Drug therapy, Combination, Combination drug therapy

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Inhibition of murine AIDS by combination of AZT and dideoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate

Article Abstract:

A combination of AIDS drugs that protect different cell types could be more beneficial than a single drug alone. This was demonstrated in a study of mice who were infected with a virus that causes a disease similar to AIDS. The mice were given AZT in their water and AZT alone significantly reduced lymph node disease and spleen enlargement, but did not prevent the transmission of the virus by infected macrophages. Injecting the mice with red blood cells that contained dideoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate (ddCTP) substantially reduced viral DNA in the lymph nodes. It also restored lymph tissue to its normal state. AZT protects lymphocytes while ddCTP protects macrophages.

Models, AIDS (Disease)

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