Receiver-operator characteristic curves for the ultrasonographic prediction of small-for-gestational-age fetuses in low-risk pregnancies

Article Abstract:

Estimates of whether a fetus is small for gestational age (SGA) may be predicted just as well by easily obtained measurements of abdominal circumference as by ultrasound examinations. Researchers evaluated 1000 women with low risk pregnancies at 31 weeks of pregnancy to determine which fetuses were SGA. Eighty-two infants were SGA, a rate of 8.2%. Ultrasound examinations in the third trimester were no more accurate in estimating fetal weight than abdominal circumference measurements. Abdominal circumference measurements that greatly differed from normal were most likely to correctly predict a SGA fetus. Allowing for a false positive rate of 10% would enable 46% of SGA fetuses to be diagnosed. Pregnancies with poor outcomes might also be discovered.

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Fetal lung maturation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Article Abstract:

Fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia may experience delayed lung maturation, indicating a need for surfactant replacement therapy to enhance lung maturation. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a rare defect involving the lungs that causes death in many cases. Researchers compared measurements of lung surfactants in the amniotic fluid of 19 fetuses known to have congenital diaphragmatic hernia with those of 48 normal fetuses. Surfactant levels increased after 34 weeks of pregnancy in the amniotic fluid of normal fetuses, but not in the fluid of fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Low levels of surfactant protein A were associated with fetal death or with fetuses needing aggressive oxygen treatment after birth.

Measurement, Diaphragm, Diaphragmatic hernia, Pulmonary surfactant, Pulmonary surfactants

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Induction of intrauterine growth restriction with a low-sodium diet fed to pregnant rats

Article Abstract:

Reduced blood volume expansion may lead to fetal growth restriction. During pregnancy, blood volume normally increases as much as 40%. In a study of rats, a low-sodium diet caused reduced blood volume expansion and pups who were smaller than normal.

Physiological aspects, Salt-free diet, Sodium restricted diet

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