The clinical significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation from stool of neonates

Article Abstract:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa does not appear to be a source of infection when it colonizes the stool of hospitalized newborns. P aeruginosa is a hospital-based infection that occasionally causes serious systemic infections and is suspected of causing severe intestinal complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis, a type of gangrenous infection. Researchers collected stool samples weekly from 265 newborns in the intensive care nursery of an Israeli hospital. Sixty-seven stool cultures from 45 newborns grew P aeruginosa. P aeruginosa was more likely to grow if the infant had been treated with antibiotics the week before the sample. P aeruginosa disappeared spontaneously within five weeks. Antibiotic treatment did not hasten its disappearance. Colonization was not associated with intestinal symptoms. However, during the time of the study a baby with no stool colonization died of a systemic P aeruginosa infection. Colonized babies could act as a reservoir for infection.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Resolution of middle ear effusion in newborns

Article Abstract:

Many newborns appear to have middle ear effusion (MEE) that disappears within the first three days of life. MEE is amniotic fluid in the middle ear cavity. Researchers conducted middle ear assessments on full-term newborns from the first day of life and through two months of age. MEE was diagnosed in all infants' ears examined within three hours of birth. At 24 hours, approximately one-third to half of the infants had MEE, depending on the method of diagnostic assessment. Between 8% and 27% of infants had middle ear fluid on day three. At the two-month follow-up, the condition had resolved in all infants who had MEE at hospital discharge, although eight new cases of MEE had developed in the interim. Bulging eardrums were associated with MEE. Visual examinations of the ear using an otoscope revealed more cases of MEE than tympanometry or acoustic reflex measurements at almost every evaluation period.

Development and progression, Otitis media with effusion, Middle ear

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Effect of Newborn Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Article Abstract:

More research is needed to determine if all newborn babies should be screened for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This adrenal disease can be fetal and can cause excessive growth and masculinization of female babies. In a survey of 400,118 unscreened babies and 1,613,378 screened babies, the number of babies who had CAH was about 6 per 100,000 babies in both groups. However, babies who were screened were identified an average of 14 days sooner than those who were not screened.

Evaluation, Diagnosis, Medical screening, Health screening, Adrenogenital syndrome, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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