Managing for breakthroughs in productivity

Article Abstract:

International Business Machines (IBM) has implemented a successful policy for enhancing productivity by managing breakthroughs. The program is predicated on the premise that breakdowns in productivity occur, which are those circumstances in which productivity goals are not met. The policy recognizes that resolution of the breakdown requires a solution that is extraordinary, and the bigger the breakdown, the larger the potential breakthrough. The policy of managing breakthroughs requires the commitment of both employees and management, using teamwork. The critical success factors for the teams assigned to work on breakthroughs are: projects must be real and produce a specific result in a specific timeframe; the objective of the project should be something that is desired; management must be committed to the project; and the team members must believe that a substantial breakthrough is possible. Beyond the implementation of breakthrough projects, the experience of IBM shows that there must be a cultural shift in the organization to enhance productivity based on: recognizing people for their risk-taking to bring about a breakthrough; supporting people; and rewarding people for their results.

Research, Management, International Business Machines Corp., Management research

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Rebalancing the role of human resources

Article Abstract:

The focus of the human resource (HR) function has increasingly turned inward in response to the demand of business leaders under pressure from market conditions and shareholders for more effective employment practices. Faced with such external forces, HR departments have strived to transform themselves into the 'perfect agent' of senior management. This shift in focus poses the risk of myopia and failure to recognize and respond to the changes in the marketplace. As it continues to be buffeted by both internal and external forces, the challenge for the HR function is to improve its knowledge and skills in managing change, participate in management's strategic efforts, and develop negotiating, coalition-building and problem solving abilities.

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