Signals and assessment in African elephants: evidence from playback experiments
Article Abstract:
Male elephants, regardless of their size, retreat when close to a musth male during nonmusth periods. In contrast, musth males, whether large or small, initially challenge. Research using playback calls among a population of free-ranging African elephants in Amboseli National Park, Kenya, confirms predictions that sexually inactive nonmusth males should avoid receptive females. Males respond very differently to an identical call simply on the basis of whether or not they are in musth.
Publication Name: Animal Behaviour
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0003-3472
Year: 1999
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Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza
Article Abstract:
The 1918 influenza pandemic killed 20-40 million people worldwide, an estimate of the reproductive number for 1918 influenza was obtained by fitting a deterministic SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model to pneumonia and influenza death epidemic curves from 45 US cities. The result reveals that the reproductive number for 1918 pandemic influenza is not large relative to other infectious diseases.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2004
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Elephant breakdown
Article Abstract:
In the past, animal studies were used to make inference about human behavior but in recent times studies of human post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can help to understand the effects of violence on elephant culture. Wild elephants are displaying symptoms associated with human PTSD i.e. abnormal startle response, depression, unpredictable asocial behaviour and hyperaggression.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2005
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