Institutions of the third kind: British and Swedish labour markets compared

Article Abstract:

Swedish labor organizations are hierarchical institutions characterized by: the sovereignty of the national organization over constituent elements; a high degree of authority of the national organization over its members; and a collaborative role in with corporations and government. In contrast, British labor organizations are quasi-religious sects, "institutions of a third kind", characterized by: little authority of the national organizations over members; the sovereignty of individual members; and an antithetical outlook towards collaboration and regulation. The differences between the two organizations are due to differences in the histories of the initial orientations of the two labor movements. British unions' struggles against anti-Jacobin sentiment in the 18th century resulted in an orientation against government interference, while the Swedish labor movement was established as an industrial wing to the Social Democratic party.

United Kingdom, Sweden, Economic policy, Labor relations, Labor unions, Great Britain

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The empowerment of problem-solving teams: is it an effective management tool?

Article Abstract:

Companies and organizations that are seeking to enhance the problem-solving capacity of their members may try promoting the concept of team empowerment. Data analysis involving group-based activities of 600 teams revealed that organizational efficiency and quality may easily be achieved through team empowerment. Teamwork has also been found to promote social interaction among group members, thereby fostering commitment and developing positive attitudes.

Work groups, Teamwork (Workplace), Problem solving, Total quality management

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