Endoscopy to evaluate gastrointestinal bleeding in marathon runners

Article Abstract:

Occult and overt gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding has been observed in marathon runners, but its precise cause has not been identified. Forty-one of the 9,000 participants in the 1988 Chicago Marathon submitted pre- and post-race stool samples for occult blood detection; nine samples were found to be positive. Three of the nine runners testing positive underwent upper and lower GI endoscopy within 48 hours of the race. In all three, identifiable sources of GI blood loss were found. Four other runners had endoscopy from 4 to 30 days after the race. In none of these runners was a source of blood loss identified, suggesting that the blood loss results from transient and reversible injuries to the GI tract. One theory proposed to explain these findings is that marathon running diverts blood flow from the GI tract, producing gut ischemia and bleeding. When blood flow returns to normal after the race, complete healing of the ischemic injury takes place. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Usage, Causes of, Physiological aspects, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Marathon running, Endoscopy

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Transmission of infection by gastrointestinal endoscopy and bronchoscopy

Article Abstract:

Contamination by microorganisms may increase the risk of infection in patients who undergo gastrointestinal endoscopy or bronchoscopy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy and bronchoscopy are diagnostic procedures that involve the use of a flexible endoscope to examine the inside of the body. A survey of the medical literature found that 281 infections occurred as the result of contamination among patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy and 96 occurred among those who underwent bronchoscopy. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and different species of Salmonella were the most common cause of infection among patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common cause of infection among patients who underwent bronchoscopy. Most of the infections were caused by the use of inadequate cleaning and disinfection procedures.

Complications and side effects, Disease transmission, Opportunistic infections, Gastroscopy, Bronchoscopy

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Community-based urine screening for Chlamydia trachomatis with a ligase chain reaction assay

Article Abstract:

The ability to test urine samples for Chlamydia trachomatis using the ligase chain reaction assay could permit widespread screening of teenagers and young adults, in which the prevalence of disease may be high. Out of 10,118 urine specimens from young people in community-based settings, 8.6% of the females and 5.4% of the males tested positive for C. trachomatis using this analysis. Leukocyte esterase assays using a dipstick test did not perform well in the prediction of Chlamydia infections. Demographic and behavioral indicators for the risk of infection were markedly different between male and female participants.

Analysis, Evaluation, Diagnosis, Testing, Teenagers, Youth, Medical screening, Health screening, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia infections, Urine, Urinalysis

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